Daf 107 — Zevachim 107 Summary

Zevachim 107 – Good Morning Raboisai Shechutei Chutz — Combining Shechitah and Ha’alah We continue the laws of shechutei chutz — slaughtering or offering a korban outside the Beis HaMikdash. Key principle: • Shechitah outside and ha’alah (placing on a private mizbeach) outside are two separate prohibitions . • Each can generate liability independently , depending on how they are learned from the pesukim. The Gemara explores how these actions are grouped or separated according to different Tannaim. “Alayhem” — On Them or To Them? A critical derashah hinges on the word “ עֲלֵיהֶם / עֲלָיֶהֶם ” : • Read one way → “to them” • Read another way → “on top of them” This allows the Torah to link shechitah and ha’alah , teaching: • Even if one act happened inside and the other outside, • Liability can still apply. A major debate follows: • Can we alter vocalization to derive halacha? • Rav rejects freely changing words; • Others show that the structure of the pesukim already supports the linkage. Counting the Chiyuvei Kares — 36 or 37? The Gemara notes: • There are traditionally 36 chiyuvei kares . • But if: o Shechitah outside = one o Ha’alah outside = another • It seems we should get 37 . Resolution: • Some actions are learned from a single source , • Therefore multiple acts collapse into one chiyuv in certain configurations. Zerikas Dam Outside — Is It Included? Major chiddush: Zerikah outside the Mikdash is also a violation of shechutei chutz. Two approaches: • Learn from “ דָם יֵחָשֵב ” • Or from “ א ֹו זָבַח ” The Gemara analyzes: • If one pasuk teaches zerikah, • What does the other pasuk teach? • Each Tanna assigns the pesukim differently. Birds — Shechitah vs. Melikah Outside Important distinction: • Shechitah of a bird outside → chayav • Melikah of a bird outside → patur Why? • Melikah is valid only inside the Mikdash . • Outside, it is not a recognized avodah. Thus: Liability outside applies only to acts that are valid forms of avodah inside. Four Avodos — But Not All Create Liability Outside Recall the four avodos : 1. Shechitah 2. Kabbalas ha - dam 3. Holachah 4. Zerikah Ruling: • Shechitah and Zerikah → create liability outside • Kabbalah and Holachah → do not Reason: • Shechitah and Zerikah have unique stringencies • You cannot learn liability for the others by analogy Foundational rule: אין מזהירין מן הדין — we do not create prohibitions through logic alone. Kometz of a Mincha Outside Parallel case: • Kemitzah (scooping flour) is analogous to shechitah. • But: o Doing kemitzah outside is not chayav . Why? • Kemitzah lacks the same unique chumros as shechitah and zerikah. • Therefore it cannot be included without an explicit pasuk. Multiple Acts — How Many Chata’os? Case analysis: • One person performs: o Shechitah o Zerikah o Ha’alah all outside Outcome: • According to Rabbi Yishmael : o Shechitah + Zerikah = one source o Ha’alah = another → Two chata’os • According to Rabbi Akiva : o Zerikah + Ha’alah = one source o Shechitah = another → Two chata’os Bottom line: You can never get three — maximum is two . Where Is “Outside”? Roofs, Borders, and Partial Locations Clarifications: • Roof of the Heichal → considered outside • Neck inside, body outside → considered outside • Southern Azarah (where some korbanos may be shechted) → not shechutei chutz Rule: Liability depends on whether the act occurred in a place never fit for that avodah. Shechutei Chutz Today — With No Beis HaMikdash Final sugya: • If someone today shechts a korban on Har HaBayis : o Is he chayav? Machlokes: • If kedushah remains even without a building → chayav • If kedushah depends on the Mikdash structure → patur Conclusion of the sugya: Kedushah remains from earlier sanctification. Evidence: • During construction of the second Beis HaMikdash: o Curtains were used o Korbanos were brought o Kodshim were eaten • Curtains served for tznius , not to create kedushah. Takeaway – Zevachim 107 • Shechitah and ha’alah are distinct but sometimes merge into one chiyuv. • Zerikah outside is included; kabbalah and holachah are not. • Bird shechitah outside is chayav; melikah outside is not. • Liability requires an avodah that is valid inside . • Multiple violations outside generate at most two chata’os . • Roofs and partial exits count as “outside.” • The kedushah of the Mikdash and Yerushalayim endures , even without a building. לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל