Daf 119 — Zevachim 119 Summary

Zevachim 119 – Good Morning Raboisai The Timeline from the Mishkan to the Beis HaMikdash The daf reviews the historical timeline : • Midbar : o 40 years total o 39 years with the Mishkan functioning (the first year Moshe built it) • Gilgal (after entering Eretz Yisrael): o 14 years total ▪ 7 years of kibush (conquest) ▪ 7 years of chilukah (division) • Shiloh : o 369 years • Nov and Givon : o A combined 57 years • Yerushalayim / Beis HaMikdash : o Built 480 years after Yetziyas Mitzrayim This aligns with the total of 17 Yovlos (Jubilee cycles) from entry into Eretz Yisrael until the Churban. Why Seven Years to Divide the Land? Question: Conquering takes time — but why did division take seven years ? Answer: • Division among Jews is no simpler than conquest from enemies • The Torah structured symmetry : o 7 years of conquest o 7 years of allocation This fits the broader historical calculation. “Menuchah” and “Nachalah” — Shiloh or Yerushalayim? The Torah says: “You have not yet come to the Menuchah and the Nachalah ” Machlokes: • Rabbi Yehudah : o Menuchah = Shiloh o Nachalah = Yerushalayim • Rabbi Shimon : o Menuchah = Yerushalayim o Nachalah = Yerushalayim Why two terms? • Menuchah → resting after conquest • Nachalah → permanent inheritance Either way, the Torah distinguishes: A temporary resting place vs. an eternal one Why Were Bamot Permitted in Nov and Givon? Between Shiloh and Yerushalayim: • Bamot were permitted Reason: • There was no Aron • Without the Aron, the full kedushah of Menuchah/Nachalah was incomplete Once Yerushalayim was chosen: Bamot became assur forever Ma’aser Sheini — Why Not in Nov and Givon? Question: • If korbanos were brought in Nov and Givon, why wasn’t Ma’aser Sheini eaten there? Answer: • Learned via gezeirah shavah : o “ שָׁם ” by Ma’aser o “ שָׁם ” by the Aron • Since there was no Aron in Nov/Givon, → no Ma’aser Sheini But What About Korbanos? Challenge: • Korbanos also say “ שָׁם ” • So why were they allowed? Answer: • Korbanos with a fixed time (e.g. Pesach) were still brought • Ma’aser Sheini has no fixed time → delayed until Yerushalayim Ma’aser Behemah and Ma’aser Dagan Via hekesh : • Ma’aser Behemah ↔ Ma’aser Dagan Just as: • Ma’aser Behemah (a chovah without fixed time) was not brought on a bamah, So too: • Ma’aser Dagan (produce tithe) was not eaten in Nov and Givon This fits Rabbi Yehudah’s view . Aggadah — Yerushalayim as a “Hated Bird” The Gemara compares Yerushalayim to a striking bird : • All eyes are drawn to it • Nations are attracted — yet hostile This metaphor reflects: • Yerushalayim’s beauty • And the jealousy it provokes Shimshon’s Korban on a Bamah Question: • How could Manoach bring a korban on a rock? Answer: • It was a hora’as sha’ah (one - time divine instruction) • Not a general permission Rule: Exceptional prophetic instruction does not set halacha. Hekdesh During Heter Bamot — When Is There Kares? Four key scenarios: 1. Hekdesh + Hakravah both during issur bamot → Chayav kares 2. Hekdesh during issur, hakravah during heter → No kares 3. Hekdesh during heter, hakravah during issur → Machlokes 4. Hekdesh + hakravah during heter → Patur Rav Kahana suggested: • Even case #3 is chayav kares The Gemara rejects this: Teyuvta d’Rav Kahana — refuted Conclusion: • If the animal was sanctified when bamot were permitted , → there is no kares , even if later offered when prohibited Takeaway – Zevachim 119 • The Mishkan - to - Mikdash timeline is precise and intentional • Shiloh was temporary; Yerushalayim is eternal • Bamot were permitted only in the absence of full Menuchah • Ma’aser Sheini requires the Aron • Only fixed - time korbanos override bamah restrictions • Hekdesh timing determines kares liability • A korban sanctified during heter bamot never incurs kares לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל