Daf 108 — Zevachim 108 Summary

Zevachim 108 – Good Morning Raboisai Shechutei Chutz — Combining Meat, Bones, and Shiurim The daf opens with a core question in shechutei chutz (offering korbanos outside the Mikdash): To be liable, one must offer a kezayis on the Mizbeach. What if the kezayis is made up of half meat and half bone ? On one hand: • Bones are not independently offered on the Mizbeach. On the other hand: • Bones are attached to the meat and go up together. Conclusion : • Since the bone is mechubar to the meat and ascends with it, it combines to form a kezayis. • One is therefore liable . Comparison Case — Salt on a Bird’s Head A related question: • A bird’s head alone does not contain a kezayis. • But together with salt (which must be applied), it does. Is salt comparable to bones? Distinction: • Bones are part of the animal. • Salt is external — added later. However: • Salt is essential to the korban. • If salt falls off, it must be reapplied . Conclusion : • Since salt is indispensable to the hakravah, it is considered part of the unit. • Salt + head can combine to form a kezayis . Revisiting the Mishnah — Shechitah vs Ha’alah Outside The Mishnah teaches: • One who shechts outside → liable. • One who offers outside → liable. But: • If one shechts outside , then offers outside , → he is patur for the offering. Why? • Because the animal was already pasul from the first act. Challenge: Even if he shechted inside , the moment he takes it outside it becomes pasul (yotzei)! So why should there ever be liability for ha’alah? Rebbi’s Answer — “Sh a as HaKosher” Rebbi answers: Liability depends on whether the korban had a moment of fitness . • If shechted inside : o There was a valid moment. o Later offering outside → liable . • If shechted outside : o There was never a valid moment. o Later offering → patur . This principle is called: שָׁעַת הַכֹּשֶׁר Rabbi Elazar b’Rabbi Shimon — “Im Alah, Yered” An alternative explanation: • The key is whether the korban qualifies for: אִם עָׁלָׁה – יֵרֵד (if placed on the Mizbeach improperly, must it be removed?) If: • It was shechted inside → even if brought improperly, it may remain. • If shechted outside → it never qualifies. Thus: • Liability is based on Mizbeach eligibility , not timing alone. Practical Difference Between the Two Explanations Nafka mina examples: • Shechitah at night : o No shas hakosher o But may still have im alah, yerad • Blood received in a non - kli shares : o No sha a s hakosher o Question whether im alah applies These cases distinguish Rebbi’s view from Rabbi Elazar b’Rabbi Shimon. Parallel Sugya — Tamei Eating Kodshim The daf shifts to a related Mishnah: • A tamei person who eats kodshim → chayav kares • If: o He is tamei and the meat is tamei → still chayav o He is tahor and the meat is tamei → lav only Core question: What if the meat became tamei first , and only afterward the person became tamei? Issur Chal Al Issur — Or Not? Analysis: • If the person was tamei first : o Kares applies unquestionably. • If the meat was tamei first: o A la a v already exists. o Can kares later be added? Rabbanan : • Yes — because the tumah of the body is an issur kolel , applying to all kodshim. Rabbi Yosi HaGelili : • No — kares cannot stack onto an existing lav. Is Body Tumah More Severe Than Meat Tumah? One argument: • Body tumah → kares → more severe. Counter - argument: • Meat tumah is worse in one sense: o It cannot be fixed in a mikveh. Conclusion: • Severity is not absolute . • The machlokes remains rooted in whether issur kolel applies. Back to Shechutei Chutz — Unique Chumros The daf returns to contrasts between: • Shechitah outside • Ha’alah outside Examples: • Shechitah for an individual (not Hashem) → chayav • Ha’alah for an individual → patur • Two people shechting → patur • Two people offering → chayav Each issur has unique parameters and cannot be learned from the other. What Qualifies as a Mizbeach Outside? To be liable: • The structure must resemble a Mizbeach : o Square o With corners ( קרנות ) o With a foundation ( יסוד ) A random stone or hill: • Does not create liability. Takeaway – Zevachim 108 • Meat combines with bones; salt combines with bird offerings. • Liability outside depends on prior fitness or Mizbeach eligibility . • Two frameworks: sh a as hakosher vs im alah, yerad . • Tumah of the body may override prior issurim due to issur kolel . • Shechitah and ha’alah have distinct chumros . • Not every structure qualifies as a Mizbeach for liability. לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל