Daf 109 — Zevachim 109 Summary

Zevachim 109 – Good Morning Raboisai Bringing a Korban Outside — One Animal or Separate Limbs The Mishnah discusses a case where a person offers a korban outside the Beis HaMikdash in stages, with awareness in between. Key machlokes: • Rabbi Yossi : Liability applies only if the entire animal is offered. • Rabbi Shimon : Liability applies even limb by limb ( אֵבֶר אֵבֶר ). This sets up a fundamental dispute: Does shechutei chutz require a complete korban , or is each limb its own act? Reish Lakish vs. Rabbi Yochanan — What Is the Machlokes About? Reish Lakish explains: • The case is where almost the whole animal was offered outside, • Except for one limb, which was brought later. • Liability hinges on how that final limb was offered . Rabbi Yochanan disagrees: • The machlokes is even about a single missing limb . • If an animal was missing an eiver and then offered outside: o Rabbi Shimon → chayav o Rabbi Yossi → patur Ulla’s Approach — Inside vs. Outside First Ulla reframes the machlokes: • If the korban was slaughtered inside and then offered outside: o Everyone agrees → chayav , even if missing a limb. • The dispute is when it was slaughtered outside : o Rabbi Shimon → chayav o Rabbi Yossi → patur Core idea: Is shechutei chutz defined by the act itself , or by whether the korban ever had a moment of validity? Whole Animal vs. Kezayis — How Much Is Required? Another layer: • Is liability only when offering: o A whole animal / whole limb ? • Or even: o A kezayis ? Different Amoraim align different Tannaim: • Some require complete limbs • Others allow kezayis - level liability The Question of Pigul — A Thought Experiment The Gemara tests this with pigul : Pigul occurs when a Kohen intends: • To eat the korban • Or offer it • Outside the permitted time Key question: Can pigul thoughts combine across different parts of a korban? Answer: • For pigul itself → yes, all pigul thoughts combine. • But for creating pigul : o Thoughts about meat (eaten by people) o And thoughts about imurim (consumed by the Mizbeach) → do not combine , because they are different modes of consumption . Why Olah Is Different from Shelamim This distinction explains a Mishnah: • Olah : o Entirely burned on the Mizbeach o Meat and imurim are the same category o Half - kezayis + half - kezayis → combine • Shelamim : o Meat is eaten by people o Imurim go on the Mizbeach o Half - kezayis of each → do not combine Pigul vs. Nosar — Why the Rules Differ • Pigul (creating it) : o Depends on specific intent o Different intents do not merge • Eating pigul : o Once pigul exists, all pigul combines • Nosar : o Requires the korban to reach the zerikah stage o Zerikah needs a full kezayis o Two halves from different destinies do not combine This resolves the apparent contradiction between Mishnayos. What Can Create Liability Outside? — A Broad List The daf lists many acts that create liability when done outside: • Korbanos: Olah, Chatas, Asham, Shelamim, Todah, Nazir, Bechor, Maaser • Mincha components: Kemitzah, Levonah • Ketores • Wine libations ( ניסוך היין ) • Water libation on Sukkos Rule: Anything that is valid inside the Mikdash , creates liability if done outside . Even Pasul Korbanos Can Create Liability If a korban was: • Left overnight ( linah ) • Became tamei • Was pigul • Had blood applied incorrectly If it was: • Originally fit , and • The invalidation happened later Then: Offering it outside still creates liability. Ketores — Full Measure or Partial? Machlokes: • Rabbi Elazar : o One is liable only if the full shiur of ketores is offered outside. • Others: o Even a partial shiur can create liability. Clarification: • Inside the Heichal → even a small amount suffices. • Inside the Kodesh HaKodashim (Yom Kippur): o Must be two full handfuls ( מְלֹא חָפְנָיו ). Takeaway – Zevachim 109 • Major machlokes: whole korban vs. limb - by - limb liability. • Offering outside depends on prior fitness and type of act . • Olah parts combine; Shelamim parts do not. • Pigul intent is more restrictive than eating pigul. • Nosar requires zerikah capability. • Almost every Mikdash avodah creates liability if done outside. • Ketores has different shiur rules depending on location. לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל