Daf 15 — Bechoros 15 Summary

Bechoros 15 – Good Morning Raboisai 1 ⃣ Temurah – A Tam and a Baal Mum The Daf continues the distinction between: ● An animal that first developed a Mum and was then made Hekdesh. ● An animal that first became Hekdesh and only afterwards developed a Mum. 15_transcript If the animal already had a Mum when it became Hekdesh: ● It only receives Kedushas Damim. ● It cannot create Temurah. 👉 The Pasuk mentions both Tov and Ra. A Tam that has Kedushas HaGuf can create Temurah, while a Baal Mum that only received Kedushas Damim cannot. 2 ⃣ Ha’amadah V’Ha’arachah When certain Hekdesh animals are redeemed, there is a process of: ● Ha’amadah – standing the animal up. ● Ha’arachah – assessing its value. 👉 The question is whether this requirement applies to an animal which: ● Already had a Mum before becoming Hekdesh, ● And therefore only has Kedushas Damim. This becomes particularly important if: ● The animal dies. A dead animal obviously: ● Cannot be stood up. 3 ⃣ Can a Dead Animal Be Redeemed? The Mishnah taught that an animal which had a Mum before becoming Hekdesh: ● Can be redeemed even after it dies. This indicates that according to that view: ● Kedushas Damim does not require Ha’amadah V’Ha’arachah. However, the Chachamim disagree and require: ● Ha’amadah V’Ha’arachah even in broader cases. According to them, if the animal dies before Pidyon: ● It cannot undergo this process ● And must be buried. 4 ⃣ What Is the Reason for Burial? 👉 The Gemara asks whether burial necessarily proves that: ● Ha’amadah V’Ha’arachah was required. Perhaps there is another reason: ● We do not redeem Kodashim simply to feed their carcasses to dogs. The Gemara therefore examines whether: ● The burial comes from the laws of Pidyon, ● Or from the remaining respect and restrictions of Kodashim. Pesulei HaMukdashim 5 ⃣ Hekdesh First, Mum Afterwards The Gemara returns to the second case: 1. The animal was originally healthy. 2. It became Hekdesh. 3. Afterwards it developed a permanent Mum. 4. It was redeemed. This animal is called: ● Pesulei HaMukdashim. 👉 Since it originally received Kedushas HaGuf: ● Even after Pidyon it does not become completely ordinary Chullin. 6 ⃣ “KaTzvi V’KaAyil” The Torah compares Pesulei HaMukdashim to: ● A Tzvi and an Ayil. Just as a deer does not have: ● Kedushas Bechor, Pesulei HaMukdashim are also exempt from: ● Bechor. Similarly, the comparison teaches an exemption from: ● Matanos – Zero’a, Lechayayim and Keivah. 👉 Although the animal may now be eaten, it retains a unique status: ● Neither ordinary Kodashim ● Nor completely ordinary Chullin. 7 ⃣ Why Do We Need a Special Limud for Matanos? The Gemara asks: Why should the exemption from Matanos require its own source? Perhaps once we know the animal is exempt from: ● Bechor, we should know the same for: ● Matanos. The answer is that Bechor is unusual: ● It applies only to the firstborn. Matanos, however, normally apply: ● Every time an ordinary obligated animal is shechted. 👉 Therefore, we need a separate Limud to exempt: ● Pesulei HaMukdashim from Matanos. 8 ⃣ What About Cheilev? 👉 The Gemara pushes the comparison further. If Pesulei HaMukdashim are: ● Like a Tzvi and Ayil, then perhaps their Cheilev should also be permitted. After all: ● The fats of a Chayah do not have the same prohibition as Cheilev of a Behemah. The Torah therefore provides an additional Limud showing: ● The Cheilev of Pesulei HaMukdashim remains forbidden. 9 ⃣ Oso V’Es Beno Another possible consequence of the comparison is: ● Oso V’Es Beno. Ordinarily, one may not shecht: ● An animal and its offspring on the same day. The Gemara asks: If Pesulei HaMukdashim are compared to a Chayah: ● Perhaps this prohibition should not apply. 👉 The Gemara derives that: ● Oso V’Es Beno still applies to Pesulei HaMukdashim. 🔟 “Ach” – What Does It Exclude? The Gemara discusses the word: ● Ach. One approach uses it to teach: ● The Cheilev remains forbidden. Rava explains that “Ach” can instead teach: ● Oso V’Es Beno. According to Rava: ● The prohibition of Cheilev is learned elsewhere. 1 ⃣ 1 ⃣ Learning Cheilev from Dam 👉 Rava derives the prohibition of Cheilev from the Pasuk concerning: ● Dam. The Torah specifically discusses the blood of this animal even though: ● Blood of a Tzvi and Ayil is already forbidden. Therefore, the extra wording teaches another restriction: ● Its Cheilev is also forbidden. 1 ⃣ 2 ⃣ Why Use the Word Dam for Cheilev? The Gemara asks: If the Torah wants to prohibit: ● Cheilev, why speak about: ● Dam? 👉 Because the wording teaches an additional point. The comparison to a Chayah might have suggested that although the Cheilev is forbidden: ● Perhaps it does not carry the regular severity of Cheilev of a Behemah. The Pasuk teaches that the Cheilev retains: ● Its normal prohibition and severity. What May Be Done After Pidyon? 1 ⃣ 3 ⃣ “Tizbach” – You May Shecht It The Torah teaches regarding Pesulei HaMukdashim: ● After Pidyon, it may be shechted and eaten. But this permission has limits. The Gemara derives: ● Tizbach – you may shecht it. ● But its wool may not simply be sheared. ● Its milk remains restricted. 👉 Pidyon permits the animal for eating, but: ● Does not erase every aspect of its previous Kedushah. 1 ⃣ 4 ⃣ “V’Achalta” – For You, Not for the Dogs The Gemara discusses whether: ● Pesulei HaMukdashim may be redeemed simply so that the carcass can be fed to dogs. One interpretation of: ● V’Achalta is: ● You may eat it, ● But it should not be redeemed merely as food for dogs. 👉 This connects back to the earlier discussion of why an animal that dies before Pidyon may: ● Require burial. The Offspring of Pesulei HaMukdashim 1 ⃣ 5 ⃣ When Did the Pregnancy Begin? The Gemara again emphasizes that: ● The timeline matters. Consider an animal which: 1. Was Hekdesh. 2. Became pregnant. 3. Was redeemed. 4. Then gave birth. The question is: ● What is the status of the offspring? 1 ⃣ 6 ⃣ Pregnancy Before Pidyon 👉 If the mother became pregnant: ● Before Pidyon, the fetus already had a connection to the mother’s Kedushah while she was still: ● Kodashim. Therefore, the offspring may retain: ● Kedushah even though it is born after the mother was redeemed. This is very different from an animal that: ● Became pregnant only after Pidyon. 1 ⃣ 7 ⃣ If the Offspring Was Born Before Pidyon If the offspring was actually born: ● Before the mother was redeemed, its Kedushah is even clearer. The Gemara brings Pesukim concerning: ● Zechar ● Nekeivah to include: ● The offspring and Temurah of certain Kodashim. 👉 The Kedushah can therefore extend beyond: ● The original mother herself. 📌 Key Chazarah ● An animal that had a Mum before becoming Hekdesh only receives Kedushas Damim and cannot create Temurah. ● A Tam that receives Kedushas HaGuf can create Temurah. ● Ha’amadah V’Ha’arachah means standing an animal up and assessing its value before Pidyon. ● The Gemara discusses whether Kedushas Damim also requires Ha’amadah V’Ha’arachah. ● If Ha’amadah is required, a dead animal cannot undergo the normal Pidyon process. ● Pesulei HaMukdashim are animals that received Kedushas HaGuf and later developed a Mum. ● After Pidyon they may be eaten, but they do not become completely ordinary Chullin. ● The Torah compares Pesulei HaMukdashim to a Tzvi and Ayil. ● This comparison exempts them from Bechor and Matanos. ● Their Cheilev nevertheless remains forbidden. ● Oso V’Es Beno still applies to Pesulei HaMukdashim. ● Pidyon permits Shechitah and eating, but restrictions remain on their wool and milk. ● The timing of pregnancy, Pidyon and birth determines the status of the offspring. ● If pregnancy began while the mother was still Kodashim, the offspring may retain Kedushah even when born after Pidyon. 📘 Catch up, review, download previous Dafim & more: https://www.dafchazarah.co.uk 📲 Now available as an app (Apple, Google & Amazon): https://dafchazarah.co.uk/download 🤝 Sponsor a day: https://dafchazarah.co.uk/sponsor לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל