Daf 83 — Zevachim 83 Summary

Zevachim 83 – Good Morning Raboisai Summary of Reb Eli Stefansky’s Shiur Completing Yesterday’s Kavachomer Series – Basar Inside vs. Outside The daf opens by finishing the final kavachomer in the long chain: • Basar taken outside the Beis HaMikdash → becomes pasul • Basar taken inside the Heichal → the Mishnah ruled kosher Gemara’s kavachomer attempt: If taking blood into the Heichal pasuls it, then surely taking blood outside the Mikdash should pasul the basar. But the Torah explicitly says: ּובָשָר אֲשֶׁר יִגַּע בְכָל־טָמֵא לֹא יֵאָכֵל Only impurity disqualifies basar — not being taken into the Heichal. And similarly: ּו בַּשָדֶׁה טְרֵפָה לֹא תֹאכֵל Leaving the Azarah creates pasul , but entering the Heichal does not. Thus the final kavachomer falls away. New Beraisa – What Does “ Pneimah ” Include? Heichal or Kodesh HaKadashim? We now isolate the Pesukim that define which areas invalidate blood: אֶׁל־הַּקֹדֶׁש פְנִימָה Two words appear: • Pneimah → “the inside” • Kodesh → “the Sanctuary” Gemara explains: • Pneimah = Kodesh HaKadashim • Kodesh = the Heichal Question: Why do I need both words? Wouldn’t one be enough? Rava’s Explanation — Without Two Words, Everything Is Ambiguous Rava says: If Torah wrote only Pneimah , I would think: “Compared to the Azarah, even the Heichal is considered inside.” And if Torah wrote only Kodesh , I might think: “Even Kodesh HaKadashim is included as ‘Kodesh’.” Only when the Torah uses both terms do we know precisely: • Kodesh = Heichal only • Pneimah = Kodesh HaKadashim only This parallel mirrors the Toshav / Sachir derashah by Eved Ivri : • “Toshav” alone could mean the 6 - year worker • “Sachir” alone could mean the Nirtzah But together they clarify each other. New Problem — How Can You Ever Enter the Kodesh HaKadashim Without Passing Through Heichal? Gemara’s challenge: How can blood be brought into the Kodesh HaKadashim without already becoming pasul in the Heichal on the way? Isn’t entry to the Heichal itself disqualifying? Two answers: A. Enter through the ceiling or window. This avoids passing through the Heichal. Rava rejects this: The pasuk uses “ ּובָא אֶׁל ” — normal entry, not rooftop entry. B. Rava’s Chiddush: If the Kohen has kavana not to perform any Avodah inside the Heichal , then even if he walks through it, the blood does not become pasul. Blood becomes pasul only if: • He enters the Heichal with intent to perform an Avodah inside. This astonishing halacha shows how machshava alone shapes validity. Case: Par He’elem Davar and Sa'ir Avodah Zarah These korbanos must have their blood sprinkled inside the Heichal . The Gemara asks: If the Kohen mistakenly enters the Kodesh HaKadashim , does that invalidate the blood? Maybe: • Since he was supposed to be in the Heichal, the pasuk’s rule does not apply OR • Entering any forbidden chamber corrupts the blood Result: Teiku — unresolved. Case: The Kohen Walks to the Wrong Side of the Mizbeach HaKetores Visual example shown: • After exiting the Kodesh HaKadashim, the Kohen should sprinkle toward the western side of the Ketores Mizbeach. If instead he circles to the east side , then returns to the west: Does the improper detour invalidate the blood? Gemara: Teiku again. Because: • He did not enter a different room • But he did go to an area where he had no halachic right to be This raises a new category: Disallowed movement within the correct chamber. New Mishnah — “Kol HaRoy LaMizbeach, Lo Yerad” We now start the final Mishnah of the Perek: Anything that is fit for the Mizbeach may not be removed. לֹא יֵרֵד — it must stay up there, even if offered improperly. Core machlokes: Rebbi Yehoshua: The keyword is “ אִשִים ” (fire): → Anything that could go on the fire belongs there. Thus: • Blood → does NOT go on fire → take it down • Wine → not burnt → take it down • Emurim / fats / meat → burnt → keep on Rebbi Meir: The keyword is “ ַּ מִזְבֵח ” : → Anything that appears on the Mizbeach as part of Avodah is included. Thus he keeps more items on the Mizbeach, including wine (since it is poured on the Mizbeach). Key Nafka Mina — When Zevach Is Kosher but Nesachim Are Pasul What happens if: • The korban is kosher • But the wine libation is pasul? Or the opposite? Rebbi Yehoshua → Wine goes down , because it’s not fit for fire. Rebbi Meir → Wine stays up , because it’s part of Mizbeach service. Rebbi Shimon: A major chiddush: The only time wine stays on the Mizbeach is when it arrived by itself — not together with another korban. If wine comes together with a korban as nesachim → → it always comes down. Applying This to Kemitza (Mincha Offering) A Mincha must have: • Kemitza (handful removed) • Placed inside its own kli shares Our case: The Mincha itself was in a kli shares, but the kemitza portion never entered a second kli. What if one mistakenly placed such a kemitza on the Mizbeach? Rav Pappa: → Must be removed — lo yerad does NOT apply. Because the kemitza lacked a required step in its own processing. Gemara challenges this from Ulla : • If emurim of Kodshim Kalim were placed on the Mizbeach before their Zrikah, → We do NOT take them down. Difference: • Emurim — there is no action missing in their own body • Kemitzah — requires an action (placing into second kli), and that was never done Thus Rav Pappa stands. Debate Between Rebbi Meir and Rebbi Yehoshua – The Word “Ishim” vs. “Mizbeach” Gemara: Does Rebbi Meir ignore the word “ אִשִים ”? No — he uses it for a different halacha: If the flame causes pieces of meat to fly off the Mizbeach, you must return them (machzirim). Rebbi Yehoshua learns this from a different pasuk: “ ַּ וְהַּּמֹוקְדָה עַּל־הַּּמִזְבֵח ” Even if fire shifts pieces around, they remain “belonging” to the Mizbeach. 1 How Does Rebbi Meir Know Not to Return Ketores? If “returning pieces” is derived from אִשִים , how do we know that ketores (incense) is NOT returned? Rebbi Meir uses: “ וְהַּקְטֹרֶׁת ” — once ketores falls, do NOT return it. Rebbi Yehoshua learns this from another pasuk: “ לַּה' הּוא ” — ketores becomes Hashem’s, not subject to returning. 1 Final Exchange: Negative Cases — Tumah or Pigul If a korban part had a moment of eligibility (“ שעת הכושר ”), and only afterward became tamei or pigul — it still qualifies for lo yerad and stays on the Mizbeach. This is why: Even items that would have been kosher earlier may remain on the Mizbeach if the psul came later. This principle governs much of the next daf. Takeaway – Zevachim 83 • Blood becomes pasul when entering the Heichal only with intent of Avodah . • “Kodesh” vs. “Pneimah” parallels the “Toshav/Sachir” drashah — only the combination clarifies meaning. • Many halachic questions remain teiku , especially regarding improper movement inside the Heichal. • “Kol haRoy laMizbeach lo yerad” becomes the defining rule of the new Mishnah, with a major dispute: o Rebbi Yehoshua: Based on fire ( אישים ). o Rebbi Meir: Based on Mizbeach ( מזבח ). • Rav Pappa teaches: Missing an essential step in preparation (like kemitza lacking its kli) forces removal. • Parts once fit for the Mizbeach but later invalidated often remain due to “ שעת הכושר ”. לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל