Daf 117 — Zevachim 117 Summary

Zevachim 117 – Good Morning Raboisai Three Camps in Yerushalayim We review the classic division of three machanos : 1. מַחֲנֵה שְׁכִינָה – The entire Beis HaMikdash 2. מַחֲנֵה לְׁוִיָה – The Har HaBayis 3. מַחֲנֵה יִשְׁרָאֵל – The rest of Yerushalayim Tumah rules: • טָמֵא מֵת → must leave Machaneh Shechinah, may stay in Machaneh Leviya • זָב / בַעַל קֶרִי / נִדָה → must leave Har HaBayis entirely and go to Machaneh Yisrael Ezras Nashim – A Unique Status A special area exists: • עֶזְׁרַת נָשִים Important chiddush: • It is not exclusively for women • Men were allowed to enter as well However: • A טְׁבּול יֹום (immersed but waiting for sunset): o May not enter o But receives no physical punishment This reflects a lower - level restriction. Shiloh – Only Two Camps In Shiloh , where the Mishkan stood for ~369 years: • There were only two machanos • One camp was missing Question: Which one? Answer: • Machaneh Yisrael was missing • There was: o Machaneh Shechinah o Machaneh Leviya This preserves separation between tumah categories. Why Three Camps Are Essential Problem if only two camps existed: • A זָב and a מְׁצֹרָע would end up together • But the Torah says: בָדָד יֵשֵב Each category of tumah needs its own space . Conclusion: • The Torah structure always preserves three levels • Even if their geography changes Midbar Parallels Yerushalayim In the Midbar : • The same three - camp structure existed: o Mishkan → Machaneh Shechinah o Levi’im → Machaneh Leviya o Klal Yisrael → Machaneh Yisrael Rules of tumah movement were identical . Cities of Refuge – Where Did the Rotze’ach Flee? Question: • In the Midbar, where did an accidental killer go? Answer: • To Machaneh Leviya • This served as a form of ir miklat Proof: • Hashem told Moshe: “ וְשַׂמְתִּי ל ְָך מָקֹום ” • This refers to a protected Levitical zone What About the Levi Himself? If the killer was already a Levi: • He would flee to a different Levitical city • Not remain in his own Once a city protects him: He must stay there — not wander elsewhere Bamot After Entering Eretz Yisrael When Bnei Yisrael entered Eretz Yisrael: • First 14 years (conquest + division): o Bamot were permitted • Only voluntary korbanos could be brought: o עֹולָה o שְלָמִּים But: • Chovos ( חַׂטָאת, אָשָם ) → not allowed on a private bamah The Nazir Question – Neder or Chovah? A Nazir chooses voluntarily to become a Nazir, but at the end must bring three korbanos : • עֹולָה • חַׂטָאת • שְלָמִּים Machlokes: • Are these korbanos considered: o Voluntary (since Nazirus was chosen)? o Or obligatory (since once Nazir, they are required)? Outcome: • Chatas and Asham → clearly chovah • Olah and Shelamim → debated Private vs Public Bamah Key distinctions: • Bamah Ketannah (private) : o Only voluntary korbanos • Bamah Gedolah (public) : o Wider range of korbanos Different Tannaim argue: • Which korbanos are allowed where • Especially regarding Nazir offerings Final Clarification – What Everyone Agrees On Everyone agrees: • Chatas and Asham : o Never brought on a private bamah • Even if triggered by voluntary behavior (Nazirus) Disagreement centers on: • Nazir’s Olah and Shelamim Takeaway – Zevachim 117 • Three machanos are a foundational Torah structure • Ezras Nashim has a unique, intermediate status • Shiloh had only two camps, but tumah separation remained • Machaneh Leviya served as refuge in the Midbar • Only voluntary korbanos may be brought on a private bamah • Nazir korbanos raise the key question: choice vs obligation • Chatas and Asham are always chovah — never bamah - eligible לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל