Daf 93 — Zevachim 93 Summary

Zevachim 93 – Good Morning Raboisai Summary of Reb Eli Stefansky’s Shiur Bird Chatas and the Question of Kli Shares The daf opens with a fundamental question about חַטַאת הָעֹוף : • By an animal , blood requires: o שְׁחִיטָה o קַבָלַת הַדָם in a קְׁלִי שָרֵת • By a bird , there is: o מְׁלִיקָה o מִּצּוי / הַזָאָה o No kli shares So the Gemara asks: Is the bird itself considered the kli shares for its blood? This question affects several halachos: • What happens if the bird (with its blood) enters the Heichal ? • What if the blood spills on the floor? • Can that blood still be used? If the Bird Entered the Heichal — Kosher or Pasul? A Beraisa teaches: • If a bird jumped into the Heichal on its own and came back out → kosher The Gemara initially wants to infer: If it entered by itself it’s kosher, but if a Kohen brought it in deliberately , it should be pasul. But this inference is rejected. Why? Because we find a parallel case by animals : • An animal of Kodshei Kodashim must be shechted in the north • If after shechita it wanders to the south → still kosher Once the essential avodah was done correctly, movement afterward does not invalidate . So too by a bird — you cannot infer psul just from where it wandered. Blood of a Bird That Spilled on the Floor Key question: If blood of a bird Chatas spilled onto the floor and was gathered — can it still be used? Comparison: • Animal blood : o If it spills before entering a kli → pasul o If it spills after being in a kli → may be gathered So what about a bird? This returns us to the core question: Is the bird (or its neck) considered a kli shares or not? Two sides: • Yes → blood may be gathered • No → blood is pasul once it hits the floor Kibbus — Washing Garments Touched by Bird Blood We learned earlier: Only kosher blood requires כִבּוס (washing garments). But now a difficulty: • Bird blood flies through the air • As it travels, it may already become pasul • If it’s already pasul before touching the garment → no kibbus So how could bird blood ever require washing? Answer: You can position the garment directly against the point of contact , so there is no airspace — the blood touches the garment immediately upon leaving the bird. Thus, it can still be kosher at the moment of contact . One Garment or Two? A Classic Safek Case: • Blood hits garment #1 • Then splashes to garment #2 Question: • Does garment #2 require washing? Two possibilities: 1. Once it hit garment #1, the blood became pasul → no kibbus for #2 2. Perhaps blood can be squeezed out and reused → still kosher Conclusion: Either way, garment #2 requires washing – ְָּך מִמָּה נַפְש . Rabbi Akiva’s Principle — “Shah’as HaKosher” Rabbi Akiva holds: If blood was kosher even briefly , it retains the power to require kibbus , even if it later became pasul. So even if: • Blood was kosher for a moment • Then became tamei or otherwise pasul → Washing is still required . This becomes a central axis of the daf. The Big Question — Blood Touches a Tamei Garment The core sugya: • Blood is tahor • It touches a tamei garment • At that very moment, the blood becomes tamei So how do we view it? • As tahor blood touching a garment → requires kibbus • Or as tamei blood → does not require kibbus? Parallel Case — Mei Chatas (Parah Adumah Water) The Gemara brings a powerful analogy: • Mei Chatas can make people tahor • Even if the water itself becomes tamei • Example: o A niddah can be sprinkled with Mei Chatas o Even though the water becomes tamei upon contact o It still works This shows: A liquid can become tamei and still function . Rabbi Akiva vs. Chachamim — Airspace Tumah Another deep machlokes: • Rabbi Akiva : o Something traveling through airspace is treated as if it rested o ( כִמְנֻחָּה דָּמֵי ) • Chachamim : o Airspace alone does not create that status This impacts: • Blood flying toward a garment • Water passing over tumah • Whether we say “it already became tamei” Final Resolution — According to the Chachamim The Gemara concludes: Blood that was tahor , and became tamei only at the moment it touched the garment , is treated like blood that was already tamei beforehand . And blood that was already tamei: Does NOT require kibbus. Thus: • According to Rabbi Akiva → kibbus required • According to Chachamim → no kibbus Returning to the Mishnah — When Is Kibbus Required? The Mishnah clarifies: • Kibbus applies only when: o Blood comes from a kli o And is still eligible for sprinkling If blood: • Spilled on the floor • Came directly from the neck • Or already became pasul → No washing required . This ties together all earlier cases. Takeaway – Zevachim 93 • The core question: Is the bird itself a kli shares? • Bird blood raises unique issues of airspace, tumah, and eligibility. • Rabbi Akiva : any moment of kosher status triggers kibbus. • Chachamim : blood that becomes tamei at contact is treated as tamei from before → no kibbus. • Mei Chatas proves that liquids can function even after becoming tamei. • Kibbus depends on: o Kosher blood o Coming from a kli o Being fit for avodah at the moment of contact. לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל