Daf 84 — Zevachim 84 Summary

Zevachim 84 – Good Morning Raboisai Summary of Reb Eli Stefansky’s Shiur Introduction — The Five - Way Machlokes on “Lo Yered” We continue with the major sugya: Which disqualified items, once placed on the Mizbeach, must be removed — and which stay? The entire perek revolves around the phrase: " ַ כָּל הָּעֹולֶה עַל גַבֵּי הַמִּזְבֵּח — לֹא יֵּרֵּד " ( Once something goes up, it does not come down. ) There are five Tannaim , each identifying a different keyword in the pesukim that determines what stays: 1. רבי יהושע — “אִּשִּים ” o The key is fire . o Anything that is burned on the Mizbeach stays. o Wine & blood → not burned → must come down. 2. רבן גמליאל — ַ “מִּזְבֵּח ” o The key is Mizbeach - service , not fire. o Wine & blood do go on the Mizbeach → stay. 3. רבי שמעון — “עֹולָּה” (לְעַצְמֹו) o The key is: It must be a korban that comes by itself , independently. o Wine brought with a korban = not independent → must come down. o Wine brought alone → stays. 4. רבי יוסי הגלילי — “כְבָּשִּים ” o The model is animal offerings . o Only items comparable to an animal stay. o Flour/oil/wine → not animals → must come down. 5. רבי עקיבא — “עֹולָּה ” o Similar to kvassim, but includes עֹלַת הָּעֹוף , the bird - olah. o So he includes birds ; Rabbi Yosi excludes them. This framework makes the entire sugya straightforward. Rabbi Shimon — “Atzmu’i” (Independent Korban) Rabbi Shimon’s drasha: עֹולָּה → must be something that is brought on its own , not as a side requirement. This excludes: • Nesachim brought with another korban → must come down. • But nesachim brought independently → stay. This becomes crucial shortly. The Pesukim — Universal Inclusion vs. Limiting Phrases The Torah says: 1. “ כָּל אֲשֶר יִּגַע בַמִּזְבֵּח ַ יִּקְדָּש ” → Sounds fully inclusive: anything that touches the Mizbeach becomes holy. 2. “ כְבָּשִּים ” & “ עֹולָּה ” → Limitations: Only things fitting the model of an olah or animal stay. Thus, the machlokes is: Do we emphasize the inclusive pasuk or the limiting pasuk? Difference Between “Kvassim” and “Olah” — The Case of Bird - Olah Rabbi Yosi (Kvassim) • Learns from animal → excludes birds. Rabbi Akiva (Olah) • Learns from the korban olah → includes birds . Thus: • Bird olah on the Mizbeach: o Rabbi Akiva: stays o Rabbi Yosi: must come down Rav Pappa — The Huge Nafka Mina: Minchas Nesachim A critical question: What about a Minchas Nesachim (flour/oil that accompany a korban)? Does it stay if placed on the Mizbeach? Using our chart: • Rabbi Yoshua: stays (it burns) • Rabban Gamliel: stays (it goes on Mizbeach) • Rabbi Shimon: stays (when it comes by itself) BUT • Rabbi Yosi haGelili: must come down (not an animal) • Rabbi Akiva: must come down (not an “olah”) This is the only major area where the five opinions split clearly. Rish Lakish’s Major Summary — but What Was He Adding? Rish Lakish presents a long synopsis of the sugya: • If a Mincha comes by itself → stays • If a Mincha comes with a korban → depends on Tannaim • If nesachim arrive separately → again depends on the Tannaim But the Gemara challenges: Why review the entire sugya if the only chiddush is: A Minchas Nesachim may be brought independently ? Answer: The review teaches that even though Nesachim can be brought alone, Rabbi Shimon still holds they must come down when brought together with a korban. Thus the synopsis teaches a subtle halachic boundary. The Massive New List — Items That Stay on the Mizbeach ( לֹא יֵּרֵּד ) Provided they were placed on the Mizbeach, these do not come down : 1. Nosar (leftover past time) 2. Yotzei (left the Azarah) 3. Tamei 4. Pigul 5. P’sulin done by invalid Kohanim Why? Because the psul occurred inside the Beis HaMikdash — not externally. This distinction is vital for the next list. Rabbi Yehuda — The Unifying Principle: “Has a Heter Somewhere Else” Rabbi Yehuda explains why the above items stay: They each possess some context of permissibility : • Pigul → The act of shechita was kosher (required) even with bad intent • Nosar → Other korbanos have two days to eat • Tamei → Tumah is overridden by Tzibbur • Yotzei → In a Bamah , everything is outside • Pasul Kohen → He is temporarily disqualified, not inherently invalid Because each has a shadow of heter , if placed on the Mizbeach: לֹא יֵּרֵּד — they stay. The Opposite List — Things That Must Come Down ( יֵּרֵּד ) These are items with no heter anywhere , including: 1. Animal used for prohibited relations ( רָּבּוע ַ / נִּרְבָּע ) 2. Animal worshipped as Avodah Zarah ( מּוקְצֶה / נֶעֱבַד ) 3. Esnan (gift to a zonah) 4. Mechir Kelev (exchange for a dog) 5. Kilayim (hybrid animals) 6. Treifah 7. Yotzei Dofen (C - section birth) 8. Ba’al Mum (disputed by R’ Akiva) These have no circumstance in which they are valid for the Mizbeach → must come down. Why Don’t the Two Lists Collapse Into One? The Gemara asks: Why place some disqualified items in “Lo Yered” and some in “Yered”? Why not learn one list from the other? Answer: The Torah uses the limiting word “ עֹולָּה ” , implying: Only some invalid items stay — not all. Thus the Sages construct a list governed by conceptual similarity , not arbitrary rules. Rabbi Yehuda’s Final Principle — “Zos Toras HaOlah” A crucial pasuk: זֹאת ּתֹורַת הָּעֹולָּה → Applies broadly Even to items that now are pasul — if they ever had a moment of eligibility (“ שָׁעְתָׁה ּכֹושֶׁר ”) → they do not come down. This is the backbone of his entire approach. Takeaway – Zevachim 84 • The sugya identifies five frameworks for deciding what stays on the Mizbeach. • Rabbi Shimon’s rule (“comes independently”) is pivotal for Nesachim . • Rish Lakish’s long summary teaches the boundary between “brought by itself” and “brought with a korban.” • Items that had some halachic permissibility in another context → stay . • Items fundamentally invalid across all contexts → must come down . • “Zos Toras HaOlah” broadens “Lo Yered” to anything that once had a moment of eligibility. לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל