Daf 70 — Chullin 70 Summary

Chullin 70 – Good Morning Raboisai Mishnah – Cutting a Firstborn Gemara: Case: • Animal struggling to give birth • Owner cuts off limbs as they emerge דין Before רוב יציאה : • No קדושת בכור • Can give limbs to dogs If רוב יצא יחד : • Becomes בכור • Must be buried יסוד בכור בכור requires: • פטר רחם Meaning Must emerge: • Through the womb • In normal birth Not via: • Caesarean ( יוצא דופן ) When Does קדושה Start? שאלה : Does בכור begin: • At first emergence? • Or only at רוב יציאה ? נפק״מ Selling to a גוי mid - birth Selling to a גוי Case: • 1/3 emerged • Then sold share to גוי מחלוקת רב הונא : • קדוש (sale invalid) Reason: • קדושה starts immediately רבה : • Not קדוש Reason: • Only from רוב onward Retroactive Logic רב הונא : • למפרע (retroactive) Once רוב emerges: • First part also קדוש רבה : • מכאן ולהבא Only future counts Caesarean Case Case: • 1/3 via C - section • 2/3 normal מחלוקת Same logic applied: • רב הונא → not קדוש • רבה → קדוש יסוד Same סברא → different results Why Two Cases? Needed to teach: • Logic applies both ways Sometimes: • Creates חומרא Sometimes: • Creates קולא Returning to Mishnah Cutting limbs: Question If later becomes בכור : • Should limbs be buried? תירוץ Only allowed if: • Given immediately (piecemeal) If accumulated: • May require burial רוב – Animal vs Limbs Question: Do we follow: • Majority of whole animal Or majority of each limb? Case 50% body out But limb mostly out Does limb count to create רוב ? ספק Do we “pull” small part after majority? Not resolved clearly חציצה (Barrier) Case: • Wrapped in bag / covered Question Must fetus touch womb? Or is passing through enough? Extreme Case Animal swallowed fetus Then returned it Question Is second birth valid? Remains unresolved Two Wombs Case Fetus moves from one womb to another Question Which mother gets בכור status? Complex ספק Missing Walls Part of womb removed Question Is it still פטר רחם ? Depends: • Presence of walls טומאה סוגיא Dead fetus inside mother דין If from kosher animal: • Not מטמא If from non - kosher: • מטמא יסוד Based on: • Ability to be permitted by שחיטה Final יסוד • בכור begins at key stage of birth • מחלוקת : immediate vs רוב • Retroactive vs forward logic • Boundaries define status • חציצה affects פטר רחם • רוב can be complex (body vs limbs) • בן פקועה impacts טומאה • Many ספקות remain unresolved Key Takeaways • A firstborn only gains kedusha through a valid womb birth • There is a debate whether kedusha begins immediately or only after majority emerges • Selling part of the fetus mid - birth depends on this dispute • The same logic can produce both leniencies and stringencies • Majority can be measured by the whole animal or by limbs — this is unresolved • Barriers (like coverings) may affect whether it counts as a birth • Complex cases explore unusual birth scenarios and boundaries • Tumah depends on whether the fetus could become permitted through shechita