Daf 79 — Menachos 79 Summary

Menachos 79 – Good Morning Raboisai Korban Todah & Machshavah During Shechitah A Korban Todah is brought when a person is saved from danger. If during the shechitah , the Kohen has invalid intent (e.g. to eat it after its permitted time – חוץ לזמנו ): • The Korban becomes pigul • If eaten → chayav kares Chiddush of the Mishnah: Even though the Korban is פסול , the 40 loaves of bread DO become קדוש Treifah vs. Machshavah – Why Bread Differs Case 1: Treifah (animal invalid at time of shechitah) • No valid shechitah • Bread does NOT become קדוש Case 2: Invalid machshavah (e.g. חוץ לזמנו ) • Shechitah is valid • Bread DOES become קדוש Principle: Bread becomes קדוש only if there is a valid shechitah Leftover Matzos from Todah The Todah includes 30 matzos + 10 chametz loaves If the Korban turns out invalid (e.g. treifah): • Bread is chullin • Cannot be used for Pesach → not made לשם מצה However: • If a seller prepares Todah breads intending some may remain → Those can be sold as matzah (implicit intent) Baal Mum – Machlokes If the animal is a בעל מום (blemished) : • Rebbi Eliezer: Bread becomes קדוש • Chachamim: Bread does not become קדוש Clarified in Gemara: • Talking about a minor blemish (e.g. cataract – דוקין שבעין ) • Such a case has partial validity → creates the machlokes כלל גדול (Key Rule) • פסול before shechitah → no קדושת לחם • פסול after shechitah → bread becomes קדוש Examples: Case Result Treifah No kedushah Baal Mum Machlokes חוץ לזמנו / חוץ למקומו Kedushah חוץ למקומו – Compared to What? Machlokes: • Rebbi Eliezer: Like חוץ לזמנו → bread קדוש • Rebbi Yehoshua: Like בעל מום → no קדושה Analysis: • חוץ לזמנו & חוץ למקומו → both depend on machshavah • בעל מום → physical defect Final outcome: חוץ למקומו is treated like בעל מום Mizbeach Rule ( ירד / לא ירד ) • חוץ לזמנו → אם עלה לא ירד • בעל מום → ירד • חוץ למקומו → like בעל מום → ירד שלא לשמה (Wrong Korban Intent) If the Kohen intended a different Korban: • Bread does not become קדוש Mishnah uses case of איל מילואים (one - time Korban) Question: Why not use common case like איל נזיר ? Answer: Mishnah chose the first historical case with bread נסכים (Wine Offerings) Wine placed in a כלי שרת : • Does NOT become קדוש immediately • Becomes קדוש with shechitah / זריקה If Korban becomes פסול : • If another Korban available → reuse wine • If not → leave overnight → becomes פסול Wine vs Oil • Wine → can transfer between Korbanos (Beis Din condition) • Oil (minchah) → cannot transfer Reason: • Oil is integral part of the minchah • Wine is more independent Condition of Beis Din Beis Din stipulates: If not needed for Korban A → usable for Korban B But: • Only works when both animals present • Prevents confusion / maris ayin Vlad Todah & Temurah Cases: • Offspring of Todah ( ולד תודה ) • Temurah (exchange animal) • Replacement animal All are brought as Korbanos BUT: • Do NOT require new bread • Only original Todah gets the 40 loaves Lost Todah Found Again If: • Original Todah lost • Replacement designated • Then original found Both animals offered BUT: • Only one gets bread Key Takeaways • Bread depends on valid shechitah • פסול before shechitah = no kedushah • חוץ למקומו behaves like בעל מום • נסכים require connection to Korban (not just kli) • Only primary Todah gets bread — not its extensions לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל