Daf 140 — Chullin 140 Summary

Chullin 140 – Good Morning Raboisai Shiluach HaKen – When Does the Mitzvah Apply? 1 ⃣ You Don't Have to Search for a Nest 👉 The Torah says שלח תשלח – you must send away the mother. One might think: ● A person should actively search through fields and mountains for a nest in order to perform Shiluach HaKen. Therefore the Torah says: ● כי יקרא – when a nest happens upon you. The Mitzvah applies when: ● You come across a qualifying nest. You do not have to: ● Go looking for one. 2 ⃣ Even One Egg or Chick 👉 The word קן – nest – teaches that the Mitzvah can apply even if the nest contains: ● Only one egg ● Or one chick. It does not require: ● A full nest. Where Can the Nest Be? 3 ⃣ Almost Anywhere 👉 The Gemara learns that Shiluach HaKen can apply when the nest is: ● In a tree ● On the ground ● In various other places ● Even in the sea. The main condition is: ● It must not already be Mezuman – prepared and under your control. 4 ⃣ Your Bird That Flew Away 👉 Suppose you owned a bird, but: ● It escaped ● Flew away ● And made a nest somewhere beyond your control. Once it is no longer: ● In your possession the nest can become: ● Eino Mezuman and Shiluach HaKen can apply. 5 ⃣ Birds Nesting in Your House 👉 If the birds make their nest: ● In your house where you have control over them, they are: ● Mezuman and therefore: ● Patur from Shiluach HaKen. The same applies to certain pigeons that live under: ● Your control. A Nest in the Sea – or the Sky? 6 ⃣ The Sea Is Called a Derech 👉 The Torah says: ● בדרך – on the way. The Gemara teaches that: ● The sea can also be considered a Derech. Therefore: ● A nest found in the sea can qualify. But what about: ● The sky? Although the Pasuk uses the expression דרך נשר בשמים – the path of an eagle in the sky, this is specifically: ● Derech Nesher. The sky itself is not ordinarily called: ● Derech. 7 ⃣ A Nest on Someone's Head! 👉 Rav Masna asks a memorable question: What if someone finds: ● A bird's nest on another person's head? The Gemara indicates that this can qualify. A person's head can be included in: ● אדמה – ground because אדם is connected to: ● אדמה . So even this unusual nest can fall within: ● Shiluach HaKen. Moshe, Haman, Esther and Mordechai in the Torah 8 ⃣ Famous Derashos 👉 The Gemara asks where several later figures are hinted to in the Torah: Moshe: ● בשגם הוא בשר ● בשגם has the numerical value of Moshe. ● The Pasuk also mentions 120 years, the lifespan of Moshe Rabbeinu. Haman: ● המן העץ – “from the tree” ● Hinting to Haman, who was ultimately hanged on a tree. Esther: ● ואנכי הסתר אסתיר ● Hinting to Hester Panim, a central feature of the story of Esther. Mordechai: ● מר דרור ● Translated as מרא דכיא , resembling Mordechai. The Hadrasiyos Pigeons 9 ⃣ Why Are They Called Hadrasiyos? 👉 The Gemara discusses the pigeons called: ● Hadrasiyos. There is a question whether their name is connected to: ● Hordus or to: ● A place called Hadras. These pigeons existed in: ● Enormous numbers. 🔟 The Pigeons and Hordus 👉 Rav Kahana describes seeing rows upon rows of these pigeons. They appeared to call: ● Kiri, Kiri – “my master, my master.” One pigeon did not join them. Another seemed to tell it: ● You are a shayte – say “my master”! The pigeon responded in a way that could be understood as: ● Calling Hordus a slave. When this was heard: ● The pigeon was killed. The Gemara treats this extraordinary event as: ● Milin – something involving unusual powers/kishuf. Which Birds Qualify? 1 ⃣ 1 ⃣ “Tzipor” Means a Kosher Bird 👉 The Mishnah taught: ● A non-kosher bird is Patur from Shiluach HaKen. The source is the word: ● צפור – Tzipor. The Gemara establishes that when used on its own: ● Tzipor refers to a kosher bird. The broader word: ● Of can include both kosher and non-kosher birds. 1 ⃣ 2 ⃣ The Gemara Tests This Rule 👉 The Gemara brings several Pesukim where: ● Tzipor seems to include: ● All birds. Each proof is examined and rejected. For example, expressions such as: ● Tzipor Shamayim may have a broader meaning because the added word: ● Shamayim changes the expression. But plain: ● Tzipor can still mean specifically: ● A kosher bird. The Birds of a Metzora 1 ⃣ 3 ⃣ “Kol Tzipor Tehorah” 👉 A stronger challenge comes from the Pasuk: ● כל צפור טהורה תאכלו . If the Torah specifies: ● A kosher Tzipor it seems there must also be: ● A Tzipor which may not be eaten. The Gemara explains that this can refer to: ● A kosher species which is nevertheless prohibited for another reason. 1 ⃣ 4 ⃣ The Shechted Metzora Bird 👉 The Gemara identifies this with: ● The bird shechted during the purification of a Metzora. A Metzora takes: ● Two kosher birds. One is: ● Shechted. The other is: ● Dipped in the blood-and-water mixture and then sent away. The shechted bird: ● May not be eaten. Thus it is a: ● Kosher species which is nevertheless: ● Assur. 1 ⃣ 5 ⃣ Why Not Simply a Treifah? 👉 The Gemara considers saying that: ● Tzipor Tehorah excludes a: ● Treifah. But the Issur of Treifah is already explicit elsewhere. The Gemara therefore prefers the case of: ● The Metzora bird where the Shechitah itself is: ● A valid Shechitah yet the bird remains prohibited. A Metzora's Birds Must Be Fit 1 ⃣ 6 ⃣ A Treifah Cannot Be Used 👉 The Gemara discusses how we know that the birds used for: ● Taharas Metzora cannot be: ● Treifos. The Metzora's birds are a: ● Machshir meaning they enable him to complete his purification and return to normal Halachic life. The Gemara compares this to other: ● Machshirim and Mechaprim and derives that: ● A Treifah is not valid. Ir HaNidachas 1 ⃣ 7 ⃣ A Bird From an Ir HaNidachas 👉 Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak gives another example of a kosher bird that: ● Cannot be used. A bird connected to: ● An Ir HaNidachas cannot be used for the Metzora's purification. The property of an Ir HaNidachas is: ● Forbidden and must be destroyed. 1 ⃣ 8 ⃣ Why Not Use It as the Bird Sent Away? 👉 Perhaps it could be used as: ● The live bird which is sent away. But that would create a problem: ● Someone may later find it and benefit from it. Something that must be destroyed because of: ● Avodah Zarah cannot simply be released for: ● Someone else to find. Don't Reuse the Metzora Bird 1 ⃣ 9 ⃣ One Bird for Two Metzora'im? 👉 The Gemara considers whether the bird meant to be: ● Sent away for one Metzora could first be used for: ● Another Metzora. For example: ● Use it in the second Metzora's procedure ● And then send it away for both. This is rejected. A bird designated for: ● One person's purification cannot simply be reused to fulfil: ● Another person's requirement. A Bird Exchanged for Avodah Zarah 2 ⃣ 0 ⃣ Another Prohibited Bird 👉 The Gemara also discusses a bird acquired: ● In exchange for Avodah Zarah. Such a bird has: ● A prohibition of benefit. It therefore cannot simply be used as: ● The Metzora bird sent free because another person could later: ● Find and benefit from it. A Bird That Killed a Person 2 ⃣ 1 ⃣ It Must Be Brought to Beis Din 👉 Another possibility is: ● A bird which killed a person. If Beis Din already sentenced it: ● It obviously cannot be used. Even before the final sentence: ● It cannot simply be released. There is an obligation to bring it to: ● Beis Din to fulfil: ● ובערת הרע מקרבך . Mother and Chicks Must Qualify 2 ⃣ 2 ⃣ Non-Kosher Mother 👉 The Mishnah says: If a non-kosher bird is sitting on: ● Kosher eggs there is: ● No Shiluach HaKen. Why? Because the mother must be: ● A Tzipor and Tzipor refers here to: ● A kosher bird. 2 ⃣ 3 ⃣ Kosher Mother on Non-Kosher Young 👉 What if the mother is kosher but the young are: ● Non-kosher? Rav Kahana learns from: ● תקח לך – you shall take for yourself. The young must be something: ● Fit for you. Not something: ● Intended for your dog. Therefore the young must be: ● Permitted for you to eat. What About a Treifah? 2 ⃣ 4 ⃣ Treifah Mother vs Treifah Chicks 👉 Rav Kahana teaches: If the mother is: ● A Treifah but the chicks are kosher: ● Shiluach HaKen applies. But if the chicks themselves are: ● Treifos the Mitzvah does not apply. Why? Because the Torah says regarding the young: ● תקח לך . They must be: ● Fit for you to take and eat. This requirement is stated about: ● The young not the mother. 2 ⃣ 5 ⃣ Abaye Corrects the Beraisa 👉 A Beraisa seemed to say: ● A mother with Treifah chicks is Chayav. This contradicts Rav Kahana. Abaye explains that it should be read: ● אפרוח שאמו טרפה . Meaning: ● The chick is kosher ● But its mother is a Treifah. In that case: ● Shiluach HaKen does apply. The Final Question – A Partially Shechted Chick 2 ⃣ 6 ⃣ Rav Hoshaya's Shaila 👉 Rav Hoshaya asks: Suppose someone began Shechting one of the chicks: ● Cutting enough that if left like this it would become a Treifah but he has not yet completed: ● The Shechitah. Does Shiluach HaKen still apply? On one hand: ● Right now the chick is headed toward being prohibited. But on the other hand: ● He can immediately finish the Shechitah properly ● And make it permitted. Perhaps the ability to complete the Shechitah means it is still considered: ● תקח לך – fit for you. The Gemara leaves the question: ● Unresolved. 📌 Key Chazarah ● You do not have to search for Shiluach HaKen; כי יקרא means the nest must happen upon you. ● Even one egg or chick is enough. ● The nest must be Eino Mezuman – not already under your control. ● An escaped bird can lose its status as being under your ownership and become subject to Shiluach HaKen. ● A nest can qualify in unusual places, even the sea and potentially on a person's head. ● The Gemara gives the famous Torah hints to Moshe, Haman, Esther and Mordechai. ● Plain Tzipor refers to a kosher bird. ● The birds used for Taharas Metzora must themselves be suitable; a Treifah cannot be used. ● A bird from an Ir HaNidachas or connected to Avodah Zarah cannot be used where it would later be released for others to benefit from. ● A bird that killed a person cannot simply be sent away; it must be dealt with through Beis Din. ● A non-kosher mother is exempt from Shiluach HaKen. ● The young must be תקח לך – fit for the person to take. ● Therefore Treifah chicks are exempt, but a Treifah mother with kosher chicks is Chayav. ● The Daf ends with an unresolved Shaila about a partially shechted chick which could still be completed with a valid Shechitah. 📘 Catch up, review, download previous Dafim & more: https://www.dafchazarah.co.uk 📲 Now available as an app (Apple, Google & Amazon): https://dafchazarah.co.uk/download 🤝 Sponsor a day: https://dafchazarah.co.uk/sponsor לעילוי נשמת אמי מורתי רות בת הרב מנחם מנדל